Stirrups aid to combine the effects of tension and compression. They also serve to absorb the shearing and torsional stress and serve as mounts for other reinforcement elements. Stirrups help to keep the main reinforcement in its correct position. Due to the shear force cracks will occur on the beams, columns, and other concrete structural elements. To overcome this problem stirrup are used.
The hooks can be bent to 135 º to resist the expansion. 6mm mild steel and 10mm CN bar (tor steel) are widely used to make stirrups. Stirrup spacing may differ for each reinforcement element (such as plinth beam, columns, floor beam, and lintel) according to the structural design of the proposed building. If stirrups distribution for the column is dense near the supports (footing & floor slab) and at the middle portion of the column.